Comprehensive Project Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Complete Project - Coursework Example This gives a reinforcement measure to cover the openings in the government legal codes when settling a contest. In the UAE, courts don't keep a bookkeeping of cases gone to preliminary or choices from those cases for expanding on past case law. Expanding on case law benefits the individual looking for alleviation from the courts as there is in any event one other individual who in a comparable circumstance got a decision in support of themselves. Case law would then help the contention made in the new case and give a standard of evidence important to make the first contention. In the UAE, this doesn't occur so every case must present with adequate proof and on its own benefits under the steady gaze of an appointed authority. Judges have no desire to render a choice dependent on past choices, which means there is no point of reference set outside of depending on the common codes. Basically, an appointed authority can put together his choice exclusively with respect to the realities of the case before him and settle on a choice that is in opposition to different choices he or different adjudicators have made in comparable circumstances. For a temporary worker looking for help in the UAE, understanding the common codes and the government laws is simply the best way of ensuring. In the UAE Civil Law no. 2 of 1987 (the â€Å"civil code†) articles 870 to 896 explicitly, gives the legitimate structure to the development business (Beamish, 2). The codes clarify the desires for the two gatherings and the way to discover goals without depending entirely on a choice from the courts. In business exchanges including an agreement, it is essential for all gatherings to comprehend the centrality this report has in their professional interactions including the impediments of their understanding (Coburn). All the more critically, the two gatherings must comprehend what strategy is substantial for them to embrace to guarantee satisfaction of the agreement including when on e gathering won't pay for administrations rendered or materials gave. The UAE Commercial Transaction Law no. 18 of 1993 (the â€Å"CTL†), articles 6 and 11spell out the measures required to turn into involved with a development guarantee (Al Tammi and Company, 1). By acclimating oneself with the rules is the best way to comprehend the components an agreement ought to contain and what strategy to take, for example, discretion and a mechanics lien when the other party will not pay for administrations and materials (Al Tammi and Company, 1). The Civil Procedure Law of 1992 (the â€Å"CPL†) articles 203-219 explicitly talks about the utilization of intervention and the way in which the arbitral honors are validated (Al Tammi and Company, 1). The measure of unpaid temporary workers in the UAE has expanded as of late costing â€Å"hundreds of a great many dirhams to a huge number of US dollars† (Delmar-Morgan). These cases had been obstructing the court frameworks whe n discretion of these cases got mainstream. Presently, the assertion cases have expanded to a point where it is hard to keep an eye on the client’s needs in an ideal way. These are not instances of a few hundred or thousands of dollars or dirhams however millions. One case including British advisors and specialists who were never paid approached $636 million (Delmare-Morgan). WS Atkins, an organization that structured Burj Al Arab sat tight for installment of $39.7 million (Delmar-Morgan). Through the intervention procedure, WS Atkins anticipated installment by the principal quarter of the following year, yet WS Atkins kept on hanging tight for

Proceso expedito para tramitación urgente de visa

Proceso expedito para tramitaciã ³n urgente de visa Cuando se inicia una solicitud o peticiã ³n risk el Servicio de Inmigraciã ³n y Ciudadanã ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglã ©s) los plazos de tramitaciã ³n pueden ser muy largos. Por lo que es razonable plantearse si es posible acelerarlosâ mediante un pago premium. La respuesta es afirmativa pero sã ³lo en casos relacionados con peticiones por trabajo. En este artã ­culo se informa de los casos en los que se puede pedir el aceleramiento en la tramitaciã ³n de una peticiã ³n mediante un pago premium, quiã ©n lo puede solicitar, cunto se demora, cul es el costo y cã ³mo contactar con USCIS para resolver problemas o dudas que surjan en dicha tramitaciã ³n. Tramitaciã ³n expeditaâ con USCIS mediante un pago premium Es posible un pago premium en peticiones por trabajo, que comprende dos grandes grupos: cuando se solicita  para un extranjero una visa de trabajo temporalâ en la que el empleador debe utilizar el formulario I-129.o cuando el empleador utiliza una planilla I-140 para pedir por razã ³n de trabajo una tarjeta de residencia permanente, conocida tambiã ©n como green card. Tambiã ©n se admite, en casos extraordinarios, auto-peticiã ³n por parte de un trabajador. Esto significa que puede solicitarse en los siguientes casos: Visa E-1, comerciante al amparo de un tratadoVisa E-2, inversor al amparo de un tratadoVisa H-1B, trabajadores extranjeros especiales o modelos. En este caso el gobierno ha anunciado la suspensiã ³n transient del proceso expedito que se reanudar el 10 de septiembre de 2018.Visa H-2B, trabajadores temporales para trabajos no agrà ­colasVisa H-3, trabajadores en prcticas o visitantes de intercambio en el campo de la educaciã ³n especialVisa L-1, L-1B y LZ, trabajadores transferidos dentro de una empresa o subsidiarias de la mismaVisa O-1 para trabajadores con extraordinaria habilidad en Ciencias, Deportes, Arte, Educaciã ³n o NegociosVisa O-2 para trabajadores que child un apoyo esencial para los titulares de una visa O-1Visa P-1, P-1S, P-2, P-2S, P-3 y P-3S, para deportistas individuales y de equipo, artistas y individual de apoyo para participar en un programa o evento à ºnico o que formen parte de un programa de intercambio cultural.Visa Q-1, para extranjeros participando en un programa de intercambio social internacional Visa R-1 para religiososVisa TN-1 y TN-2, para canadienses y mexicanos al amparo del Tratado de Libre comercio (NAFTA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s)Visa EB-1, para extranjeros con habilidades extraordinarias, profesores e investigadores excepcionales y gerentes y ejecutivos de multinacionales.Visa EB-2, para profesionales con titulaciã ³n avanzada o habilidad excepcional.Visa EB-3, para profesionales, trabajadores especializados y otros trabajadores El USCIS puede suspender temporalmente el procesamiento premium para alguna de esas visas. En el momento en que se escribe este artã ­culo no est vigente ninguna excepciã ³n. Es decir, se puede aplicar para todas las peticiones enunciadas. Costo del procesamiento premium y a quã © da derecho En la actualidad es de $1.225. Sin ban, esta cantidad puede variar por lo que es muy conveniente verificar con la pgina oficial del USCIS. Si la solicitud se hace por web utilizando el sistema de e-document, el pago puede realizarse mediante tarjeta de crã ©dito, dã ©bito o transferencia desde una cuenta de un banco en Estados Unidos. Por el contrario, si se envã ­a una solicitud en papel, el pago debe hacerse mediante un check de un banco en Estados Unidos o por cash request. El pago da derecho a que el USCIS acuerde una respuesta en el plazo de 15 dã ­as naturalesâ a contar desde el dã ­a en el que se recibiã ³ la solicitud de procesamiento premium con su correspondiente pago.â La respuesta no significa siempre que se obtiene la aprobaciã ³n, sino que puede ser cualquiera de las siguientes: Una carta de aprobaciã ³n de la peticiã ³n de visa o de tarjeta de residenciaUna carta en la que se pide ms informaciã ³n o documentaciã ³n. Es lo que se conoce como Peticiã ³n de Evidencia o RFE, por sus siglas en inglà ©s.Una carta en la que se notifica la intenciã ³n de rechazar la peticiã ³n. Se conoce como NOID, por sus siglas en inglà ©s.Y, finalmente, puede que lo que se notifique es que se  inicia una investigaciã ³n porque se sospecha que la peticiã ³n es fraudulenta o se ha mentido en la misma o se ha presentado documentaciã ³n de apoyo falsa. En el caso de que USCIS haya respondido con una RFE o una NOID, el solicitante debe contestar en el tiempo que se le otorga en la notificaciã ³n. Y, una vez que el USCIS recibe lasâ alegaciones o la documentaciã ³nâ adicional que pidiã ³, tiene que responder en el plazo de 15 dã ­as naturales. En casos extraordinarios puede suceder que USCIS no responda dentro de los 15 dã ­as siguientesaâ haber recibido la peticiã ³n de tramitaciã ³n premium.â En estos casos est obligado a regresar el coste del trmite y, adems, a responder inmediatamente.â Adems, el pago premium da derecho an utilizar un telã ©fono particular gratuito, el 1-866-315-5718, para resolver dudas o hacer preguntas relacionadas con la peticiã ³n de la visa. Cã ³mo se solicita el pago premium para acelerar una peticiã ³n con USCIS El formulario para solicitar laâ aceleraciã ³n de los trmitesâ es el I-907. La solicitud se puede realizarâ conjuntamenteâ con el envã ­o de los formularios I-129,â en el caso de visa de trabajo fleeting, o I-140, cuando se solicita la tarjeta de residencia por trabajo. Tambiã ©n puede enviarseâ por separadoâ en un momento back. Resaltar que la peticiã ³n de tramitaciã ³n acelerada sã ³lo la puede solicitar la empresa o emprendedor o su abogadoâ que child los que piden la visa. Nunca puede solicitarla el beneficiario de la peticiã ³n, excepto en el caso en el que un trabajador de cualidades excepcionales solicitaâ una tarjeta de residencia para sã ­ mismo sin patrocinador. Por el contrario, el pago del formulario I-907 pueden efectuarlo no sã ³lo la empresa oâ su abogado, sino tambiã ©n la persona extranjera que resultarã ­a beneficiada por este trmite.  ¿A quã © no da derecho el pago premium para acelerar los trmites? En preliminary lugar, este pago no levanta los lã ­mites anuales en el nã ºmero de visas que se pueden aprobar dentro de cada categorã ­aâ por aã ±o financial. Es decir, si se ha agotado el nã ºmero de visas disponibles, con o sin pago premium feed que esperar al siguiente aã ±o financial para que se abra de nuevo la disponibilidad de visas. Tampoco da derecho a beneficios additional en los casos en los que existe una loterã ­a para determinar quiã ©nes child los beneficiados de una visa, como por ejemplo con las visas de la familia H, en specific con la H-1B para profesionales. En los aã ±os en los que el nã ºmero de anxieties excede en menos de una semana al complete de visas disponibles para un aã ±o monetary se procede a decidir por sorteo quiã ©n es el ganador. El pago de procesamiento premium no da ventaja en esa loterã ­a. En tercer lugar, el pago premium no se admite en visas o en tarjetas de residencia cuyo proceso se inicia con formularios distintos al I-129 o al I-140. Por ejemplo, no es posible en las visas de turista, estudiante, intercambio, and so on. Tampoco en las peticiones de green card por razã ³n de familia, algunas de las cuales sufren grandes demoras, como child los casos deâ las peticiones de ciudadano americano para hermanos, hijos casados o hijos solteros mayores de 21 aã ±os o las de residente para sus hijos solteros mayores de 21 aã ±os. Este artã ­culo es informativo. No es asesorã ­a legitimate para ningã ºn caso concreto.

How to Choose Essay Topics and Make Sure They Are the Right Ones

How to Choose Essay Topics and Make Sure They Are the Right OnesChoosing the right study questions & essay topics is important in making sure that you have a good grasp of what you are doing in your college studies. It is also important to select essay topics that are relevant to your particular major so that you do not feel overwhelmed by your subject. Following are some of the general guidelines you can follow to make sure that you study carefully and correctly.The first thing you should do is think about the things that interest you and try to write about those things when selecting your essay topics. Do not pick up your subjects from what others say, but from the things that you truly care about. You can be sure that you will have a better chance of succeeding in your college studies if you can find something that will appeal to you personally. Once you have identified what interests you, do not think about anything else.Selecting a specific topic is one of the most important ste ps in essay writing. You should take a step back and review your previous essays and select an appropriate topic for each one. You may not be able to remember your key points or interesting facts in every assignment that you take. Take some time to review the specific type of essay that you have been taking on and select the best topic.Next, take some time to write about these topics at length. Do not start writing about your topic immediately because this could prevent you from developing the important outline that you need to write effectively. Write about your topic at least a couple of pages in advance so that you can develop your outline and see what information needs to be included in your overall thesis statement.Select one general question and move on to the next question. There is no point in having two questions on one topic. You should write about one question at a time. If you want to complete a whole essay, you will probably need to write about three or four questions.W hen you are finished with your essay, you should review it carefully to make sure that you did not forget any of your key points. If you believe that you did not have enough room to include all of your ideas, you can make a note about it and move on to the next topic. Reviewing your essay and reading through the key points will give you an idea of how much space you have left for ideas and facts.After you have chosen a general topic and start writing about it, you should then write about an example. This is where you will find out what you are talking about if you are unsure of what you are talking about. This is also the place where you will get more practice practicing how to compose an effective thesis statement.The above strategies are just some of the most important factors you need to consider before you begin writing your paper. You should also keep in mind that you should read about topics you are writing about and read through the key points so that you are well aware of wh at your essay is supposed to be about. Following these guidelines will help you develop an impressive paper for your assignments.

Unit 7 Pass 1- Explain the Principle Sociological...

The British Sociological Association defines sociology as being ‘how society is organized and how we experience life’. It looks at the different societies, the groups within these, and how they all interact. Society is organised into various different social institutions, which can be built like building block to make our society; families, the education system, the legal system, the healthcare services etc. Social institutions function accordingly with customs, rules and regulations. A family is a group of people who are related to one another i.e. grandparents, parents, children, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, cousins etc. A household is a term to describe these family members who live in the same house, e.g. parents and their children†¦show more content†¦This is because a lot of the ideas would not work because the ideas are not applicable. Marxism: Karl Marx was the founder of the Marxist approach. It is similar to the functionalist approach. Marx believed that, like Parson’s, society shaped individuals’ behaviour and that the economy decides an individuals’ place within society. He said that the two classes were; bourgeoisie/capitalists and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie were the people who owned factories and businesses that employed people (the proletariats) to work for them. There were many proletariats and fewer bourgeoisies. Marx claimed that there would always be conflict between the two classes because the proletariats wanting higher wages while the bourgeoisies, who have lots of power over the media, legal system and school curricula, want to keep wages low to increase profits. This conflict leads to this approach being called a conflict model, explaining why there would be conflict within society and explaining the cause of revolution. False consciousness occurs because the bourgeoisie shape soc iety without the proletariats being aware of it. Marx also believed, like Parson’s, that family is a main contributor to the social system. He believed that family prepares the children for work in later life by teaching them to obey their parents like an employee would obey their boss. Marx views family as being important for the bourgeoisieShow MoreRelatedHnc Social Care Essay4439 Words   |  18 Pages ASSIGNMENT 1 Unit Title: Social Care Theory for Practice Unit No: DH3K 34 |Unit No. |Unit Title |Outcomes | | | | | |DH3K 34 |Social Care Theory for Practice |(01) Explain how social care values and principles influence Read MoreFeatures of Inter-Organizational Network Essay4130 Words   |  17 PagesINTER- ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK Abstract: This paper tries to study the different aspects of Inter-Organizational Network through literature survey method. It concentrates on the core reasons for forming networks from two different perspectives (transactional and sociological). The elements of network formation are identified dividing them into essential and facilitating factors. It discusses effects of inter-organizational network on the industry. The paper also highlights the feature of knowledge transferRead MoreModernization Theory And Its Relevance3439 Words   |  14 Pagesto modernization theory, to some extent, it is still pertinent to development communication programmes, however it can not be the one and only answer to adress the problems of development. This essay consists of three parts. The first part will explain about the concept of modernization theory. The second part will elaborate the pertinence of modernization theory based on its implementation in contemporary context. Then eventually in the last part, the essay will draw a conclusions and provide someRead MoreEssay about Irp Manual8334 Words   |  34 Pagesluck and remember to enjoy your journey. Afke Moufakkir –van der Woud, Ph.D. December 2009 Table of contents Preface 1 Table of contents 2 1. Introduction 4 1.1 The individual research project 4 1.2 Objectives 5 1.3 Individual research project planning 5 2. The Research Proposal 7 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Choosing a topic 7 2.3 The Purpose of Research 9 2.4 Structure and Content 9 3. The Individual research project 12 3. The Individual research projectRead MoreOn Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie from the Perspective of Naturalism7135 Words   |  29 PagesON THEODORE DREISER’S SISTER CARRIE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NATURALISM by Qiu Yanhong June, 2007 Xiaogan University Abstract Theodore Dreiser is an outstanding writer in American literary history .Writing in naturalist style; he created a new era of American literature and influenced a good many contemporary writers as well as his followers. Sister Carrie is regarded as the masterpiece of Theodore Dreiser’sRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesContemporary Issues in Management Accounting This page intentionally left blank Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting Edited by ALNOOR BHIMANI 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoRead MoreTracing Theoretical Approaches to Crime and Social Control: from Functionalism to Postmodernism16559 Words   |  67 Pages............................................................................................................. vii CHAPTER 1 ....................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1-5 Introductory information CHAPTER 2 ....................................................................................Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreAccounting Conceptual Frameworks16770 Words   |  68 PagesAccounting conceptual framework QUESTION 1 (A) There are a lot of purposes of an accounting conceptual framework. The main purpose of financial reporting under this accounting conceptual framework is not to help management to make decisions, or calculate taxable income and etc. (Alexander amp; Nobes, 2007) However, the purpose of accounting conceptual framework is act as a framework for setting accounting standards. It act as a guideline to the Board in developing accounting standards , yet isRead Morefactors affecting buying behavior of students on coffee shops8605 Words   |  35 Pagesvisitor spending, supported by Shenoy (2005). These findings suggest one explanation for the major growth of coffee shops in high-footfall leisure areas, with an increase in number of branded coffee shops to 3041 in the UK by 2009-10 (Bishop, 2012: 1). Tourist typologies provide tourist/visitor behaviour differences, e.g. Brand Seekers, Convenience Tourists, Culinary Tourists, etc. Hall and Mitchells (2005) Taxonomy of Consumers can be used to classify the importance of food within their decision-making

Trifles by Susan Glaspell - 604 Words

Trifles by Susan Glaspell is a one-act play that explores the theme of the gender roles and social positions of men and women in early twentieth-century America. The play is loosely based on the true event of the murder of John Hossack which Glaspell reported on while working as a news journalist in Iowa. Years later, she used her experiences and observations to create the play. Trifles is about solving the murder case of farmer John Wright. While Mr. Wright was asleep in the night, someone put a rope around his neck. The most likely suspect is his wife, Mrs. Wright/Minnie Foster. Susan Glaspell shows in the play how women are seen as inferior and how men and women act and think differently. For one thing, the title reinforces the theme and understanding the play better. The title suggests, the concerns of women are often considered to be trifles, insignificant or superficial to society, which is dominated by men. Glaspell challenges the value of men’s and women’s pe rspectives and work by having a drama filled situation that unfolds through the development of one male narrative and one female narrative. Holstein argues that the two narratives are built upon two models of perception and behavior. An exploration of the play reveals a fundamental difference between the womens actions and the mens, a difference grounded in varying understandings of the home space (Holstein). In the play, the county attorney George Henderson, the sheriff Henry Peters, and aShow MoreRelatedTrifles, By Susan Glaspell Essay2136 Words   |  9 Pagesprimarily of a domestic nature. Trifles by Susan Glaspell indicates that a man’s perspective is entirely different from a woman’s. The one-act play, Trifles, is a murder mystery which examines the lives of rural, middle-aged, married, women characters through gender relationships, power between the sexes, and the nature of truth. The play, written in the early 1900s, long before the women’s movement and while men considered women their possessions. In the story of Trifles, it is easy to recognize theRead MoreTrifles by Susan Glaspell1158 Words   |  5 PagesAnalytical Essay on Drama Trifles by Susan Glaspell Heidi Barnard South University Trifles’ By Susan Glaspell I believe had several small defining moments leading to the one larger defining moment, which brings together all of them together. The defining moment is the discovery of the dead bird hidden in the pretty red box, this leads back to smaller points such as her sewing and the bird cage. â€Å" Here’s some red. I expect this has got sewing things in it. (Brings out a fancy box.) What aRead MoreTrifles By Susan Glaspell1000 Words   |  4 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In Trifles by Susan Glaspell, the author presents a predominant  theme of women and femininity. This theme reflects upon the underlying message of the play, that women are not treated fairly and are not seen in the same light as men. Susan Glaspell demonstrates the common assumptions made by men towards women in terms of roles and degrading their value/insight. Throughout the play, Glaspell provides many instances to where a woman’s value or insight is degraded. Hale demonstrates thisRead MoreTrifles, By Susan Glaspell1034 Words   |  5 Pagessay goes. The 1912 play Trifles, by Susan Glaspell, who was inspired to write this play from a story she covered as a reporter. A murder case is being held and authorities are getting down to it suspecting a woman of killing her husband in his sleep. The character Mrs. Hale who is neighbors and friends with Mrs. Peters, the sheriff’s wife and Mrs. Wright, the woman accused of the murder of her Husband, Mr. Wright. The character Mrs. Hale, in the Susan Glaspell s play Trifles, is displayed as a empoweringRead MoreTrifles, By Susan Glaspell Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesSusan Glaspell’s one-act play Trifles is based on the murder investigation of John Wright. Minnie Wright’s isolation and the death of her canary are the major factors that led to the murder of her husband. Glaspell stresses the perceived supremacy of males when investigating the murder by giving the men lead roles in the investigation and by making fun of the â€Å"trifles† that the women are choosing to observe. It is ironic because the ordinary items observed by the women were thought of as â€Å"trifles†Read MoreTrifles : Susan Glaspell s Trifles940 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is a trifle? A trifle is something that has little to no importance (dictionary.com). For instance, the color of your nails would be considered a trifle. 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His wife claimed that she was asleep next to him when the attack occurred. No one believed in her statement, she was arrested and was charged on first degree murder. In Trifles, the play takes place at an abandonRead MoreSusan Glaspell s Trifles 1205 Words   |  5 Pagesreporters, Susan Glaspell, decided to write a literary version of this investigation and â€Å"Trifles† came to be. Susan Glaspell is a feminist writer from Davenport, Iowa who started off writing for a newspaper called Des Moines Daily News. Later on her literary career she left the journalism industry and founded a theatrical organization called ‘Provincetown Players’ on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. In Trifles, Glaspell covers issues regarding female oppression and patriarchal domination. Susan Glaspell’s

Crimes And Copyright Infringement And Illegal File Sharing...

Introduction All crimes come in different forms. Computer-related crimes are no different (â€Å"Most common schemes: Identity crimes,† 2009). In some computer-based crimes, a computer is used to commit the crime, such as in copyright infringement and illegal file-sharing cases (Volonino, Anzaldua Godwin, 2007, p. 67). To best investigate these crimes, an investigator must understand how to â€Å"preserve and authenticate† all electronic evidence that pertains to the case (Volonino, Anzaldua Godwin, 2007, p. 67). This training manual will provide an overview of copyright infringement and illegal file-sharing crimes, as well as explain how to conduct a seizure and search of evidence. In addition, the manual addresses investigative concerns related to these cases. Overview of the crime According to Volonino, Anzaldua and Godwin (2007), technological advances have led to an increase in computer based crimes such as copyright infringement and illegal file sharing (p. 66). Copyright infringement is defined as â€Å"the copying, distribution or sharing of copyrighted works, including music, videos, and digital copies of textbooks without permission† (â€Å"Copyright Infringement and Illegal File Sharing,† 2015). A common form of copyright infringement is software piracy. This is when a person makes unauthorized copies of a software or music file to share or transfer to other people (â€Å"Copyright Infringement Penalties,† 2009). Some legal issues associated with copyright infringement include theShow MoreRelatedThe Internet And Piracy That Will Kill Film Essay881 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to movie star Helen Mirren, â€Å"It ll be the Internet and piracy that will kill film.† With the invention of the internet sh aring content has been made significantly easier. It also raises the question, â€Å"is sharing content belonging to others ok?† This question was brought up thanks to a peer-to-peer file sharing website by the name of Napster.com (online-piracy) when many big name celebrities sued tried to sue this website. Napster alone had over 25 million users so a lot of people thoughtRead MoreShould Downloading Copyrighted Material Be Justified?877 Words   |  4 Pages In recent years, the file sharing of copyrighted material has come under fire. It is a topic that is becoming increasingly morally debatable, as people question whether downloading copyrighted material is to be considered stealing or not. The government and legal action has taken what is mostly harmless file sharing of pop culture and turned it into a very serious crime due to industry pressures. However, there are still supporters of file sharing like myself whom believe the act can be justifiedRead MoreIllegal Online Music Downloading, The Effects And Consequences On The Music Industry1100 Words   |  5 Pagesdownload it and without this permission it could constitute copyright infringement. According to Towers (2009), the internet or on-line piracy generally refers sharing over the internet copies of works that are not authorised or illegal downloading of software, movies, videogames and music. Illicit downloads started through hacked computers, file-sharing networks, illega l servers and website (Plowman, 2009). Hard goods pirates are selling illegal duplicated DVDs through online websites. Copyrighted worksRead MoreIllegal Online Music Downloading, The Consequences For The Music Industry And Artists1110 Words   |  5 Pagesso could constitute copyright infringement. According to Towers (2009), on-line piracy generally refers to sharing over the internet copies of works that are not authorised or illegal downloading of software, movies, videogames and music. Illicit downloads started through hacked computers, file-sharing networks, illegal servers and websites (Plowman Sacha and Goode, 2009). Copyrighted works are distributed illicitly through Internet chat rooms, newsgroups and peer-to-peer file trading networks. AllRead MoreHarsh Prosecuting Replaced by Positive Alternative Solution. Essay507 Words   |  3 Pagesdownloaded online were unlawful act (14). Figure 1: Global CD Sale in Million Units Source: Janssens, Jelle, Stijn Vandaele, and Tom Vander Beken. The Music Industry On (The) Line? Surviving Music Piracy In A Digital Era. European Journal Of Crime, Criminal Law Criminal Justice 17.2 (2009): 77-96. Academic Search Complete. According to IFPI, global CD sales decreased from 2.5 billion units in 2000 to 1.8 billion in 2006 (see Figure 1). In Figure 2, we can see the dropping global sales fromRead More File Sharing Essay2581 Words   |  11 Pages FILE SHARING Ethical Debate with Today’s Technology (INTRO) You may have illegal content on your computer right now! File sharing has become a very large issue today in society even though it has existed for decades. It has been the recent advances in our technology that has made it main stream and in the eyes of the general public. File sharing today tests the limits of technology along with our ethics making it a fuzzy grey area. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When discussing file sharings effectRead MoreIllegal Online Music Downloading, The Consequences For The Music Industry And Artists1096 Words   |  5 Pagescould constitute copyright infringement. According to Towers (2011), on-line piracy generally refers to sharing over the internet copies of works that are not authorised or illegal downloading of software, movies, videogames and music. Copyrighted works are distributed illicitly through Internet chat rooms, newsgroups and peer-to-peer file trading networks. All of these kinds of internet copyright infringement are crimes that should be punished by law. This essay will discuss illegal online music downloadingRead MoreEssay about The Impact of Music Piracy1144 Words   |  5 Pagessome record store sales to drop by 20% and that 20.6 billion illegal downloads occur every month (AFM, 2004). Many experts believe that music piracy is currently the number one threat to the music industry. RIAA sources claim 278 million people, worldwide, use peer to peer networks such as KaZaA and Grokster to trade music files. RIAA and AFM are fiercely fighting music piracy and enlisting government support to put and end to this crime. Congressional committees are currently addressing on-line musicRead MoreThe Legal Terms Of Piracy1705 Words   |  7 Pagesgiven rights outlines within the Copyright Act. The contracts between artists, authors, inventors, and their companies and publishers are violated in numerous ways. The most common infringement occurs daily, as often people make copies of items without previous knowledge of their illegal actions. These minute acts are difficult to prevent though, especially with the ability to scan, search, paste, and print content across the cyber world. The most rare copyright infractions are the right to makeRead MoreThe Morality Of Peer And File Sharing1231 Words   |  5 Pagespurpose of this essay is to assess the morality of peer-to-peer file sharing. I will be addressing the ethics of downloading media that is difficult or expensive to obtain legally. It is my considered opinion that is morally acceptable to download files when media is extraordinarily difficult or expensive to explain legally. I will defend my position with an appeal to law and an appeal to consequences. In the United States, it is illegal to make or download copies of copyrighted material. Argument The

History Of The Computer Industry In America (2767 words) Essay Example For Students

History Of The Computer Industry In America (2767 words) Essay History Of The Computer Industry In AmericaHistory of the Computer Industry in America America and the Computer Industry Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the U. S. and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has it changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly every aspect of peoples lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computers ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads are strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to programming rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first digital calculating machine. It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascals father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800?s, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed byand stored data oncards with holes punched in them, appropriately called punch cards. His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack of precision machining techniques used at the time and the lack of demand for such a device (Soma, 46). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in computers. However, between 1850 and 1900 there were great advances in mathematics and physics that began to rekindle the interest (Osborne, 45). Many of these new advances involved complex calculations and formulas that were very time consuming for human calculation. The first major use for a computer in the U.S. was during the 1890 census. Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human intervention (Gulliver, 82). Since the population of the U.S. was increasing so fast, the computer was an essential tool in tabulating the totals. These advantages were noted by commercial industries and soon led to the development of improved punch-card business-machine systems by International Business Machines (IBM), Remington-Rand, Burroughs, and other corporations. By modern standards the punched-card machines were slow, typically processing from 50 to 250 cards per minute, with each card holding up to 80 digits. At the time, however, punched cards were an enormous step forward; they provided a means of input, output, and memory storage on a massive scale. For more than 50 years following their first use, punched-card machines did the bulk of the worlds business computing and a good portion of the computing work in science (Chposky, 73). By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become so well established and reliable that Howard Hathaway Aiken, in collaboration with engineers at IBM, undertook construction of a large automatic digital computer based on standard IBM electromechanical parts. Aikens machine, called the Harvard Mark I, handled 23-digit numbers and could perform all four arithmetic operations. Also, it had special built-in programs to handled logarithms and trigonometric functions. The Mark I was controlled from prepunched paper tape. Output was by card punch and electric typewriter. It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations without human intervention (Chposky, 103). The outbreak of World War II produced a desperate need for computing capability, especially for the military. New weapons systems were produced which needed trajectory tables and other essential data. In 1942, John P. Eckert, John W. Mauchley, and their associates at the University of Pennsylvania decided to build a high-speed electronic computer to do the job. This machine became known as ENIAC, for Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator. It could multiply two numbers at the rate of 300 products per second, by finding the value of each product from a multiplication table stored in its memory. ENIAC was thus about 1,000 times faster than the previous generation of computers (Dolotta, 47).ENIAC used 18,000 standard vacuum tubes, occupied 1800 square feet of floor space, and used about 180,000 watts of electricity. It used punched-card input and output. The ENIAC was very difficult to program because one had to essentially re-wire it to perform whatever task he wanted the computer to do. It was, however, efficient in handling the particular programs for which it had been designed. ENIAC is generally accepted as the first successful high-speed electronic digital computer and was used in many applications from 1946 to 1955 (Dolotta, 50). Mathematician John von Neumann was very interested in the ENIAC. In 1945 he undertook a theoretical study of computation that demonstrated that a computer could have a very simple and yet be able to execute any kind of computation effectively by means of proper programmed control without the need for any changes in hardware. Von Neumann came up with incredible ideas for methods of building and organizing practical, fast computers. These ideas, which came to be referred to as the stored-program technique, became fundamental for future generations of high-speed digital computers and were universally adopted (Hall, 73). The first wave of modern programmed electronic computers to take advantage of these improvements appeared in 1947. Essay about India 's Way Of Life In the 1950s it was realized that scaling down the size of electronic digital computer circuits and parts would increase speed and efficiency and improve performance. However, at that time the manufacturing methods were not good enough to accomplish such a task. About 1960 photoprinting of conductive circuit boards to eliminate wiring became highly developed. Then it became possible to build resistors and capacitors into the circuitry by photographic means (Rogers, 142). In the 1970s entire assemblies, such as adders, shifting registers, and counters, became available on tiny chips of silicon. In the 1980s very large scale integration (VLSI), in which hundreds of thousands of transistors are placed on a single chip, became increasingly common. Many companies, some new to the computer field, introduced in the 1970s programmable minicomputers supplied with software packages. The size-reduction trend continued with the introduction of personal computers, which are programmable machines small enough and inexpensive enough to be purchased and used by individuals (Rogers, 153). One of the first of such machines was introduced in January 1975. Popular Electronics magazine provided plans that would allow any electronics wizard to build his own small, programmable computer for about $380 (Rose, 32). The computer was called the Altair 8800?. Its programming involved pushing buttons and flipping switches on the front of the box. It didnt include a monitor or keyboard, and its applications were very limited (Jacobs, 53). Even though, many orders came in for it and several famous owners of computer and software manufacturing companies got their start in computing through the Altair. For example, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, founders of Apple Computer, built a much cheaper, yet more productive version of the Altair and turned their hobby into a business (Fluegelman, 16). After the introduction of the Altair 8800, the personal computer industry became a fierce battleground of competition. IBM had been the computer industry standard for well over a half-century. They held their position as the standard when they introduced their first personal computer, the IBM Model 60 in 1975 (Chposky, 156). However, the newly formed Apple Computer company was releasing its own personal computer, the Apple II (The Apple I was the first computer designed by Jobs and Wozniak in Wozniaks garage, which was not produced on a wide scale). Software was needed to run the computers as well. Microsoft developed a Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) for the IBM computer while Apple developed its own software system (Rose, 37). Because Microsoft had now set the software standard for IBMs, every software manufacturer had to make their software compatible with Microsofts. This would lead to huge profits for Microsoft (Cringley, 163). The main goal of the computer manufacturers was to make the computer as affordable as possible while increasing speed, reliability, and capacity. Nearly every computer manufacturer accomplished this and computers popped up everywhere. Computers were in businesses keeping track of inventories. Computers were in colleges aiding students in research. Computers were in laboratories making complex calculations at high speeds for scientists and physicists. The computer had made its mark everywhere in society and built up a huge industry (Cringley, 174). The future is promising for the computer industry and its technology. The speed of processors is expected to double every year and a half in the coming years. As manufacturing techniques are further perfected the prices of computer systems are expected to steadily fall. However, since the microprocessor technology will be increasing, its higher costs will offset the drop in price of older processors. In other words, the price of a new computer will stay about the same from year to year, but technology will steadily increase (Zachary, 42) Since the end of World War II, the computer industry has grown from a standing start into one of the biggest and most profitable industries in the United States. It now comprises thousands of companies, making everything from multi-million dollar high-speed supercomputers to printout paper and floppy disks. It employs millions of people and generates tens of billions of dollars in sales each year (Malone, 192). Surely, the computer has impacted every aspect of peoples lives. It has affected the way people work and play. It has made everyones life easier by doing difficult work for people. The computer truly is one of the most incredible inventions in history. Works Cited Chposky, James. Blue Magic. New York: Facts on File Publishing. 1988. Cringley, Robert X. Accidental Empires. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley Publishing, 1992. Dolotta, T. A. Data Processing: 1940-1985. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1985. Fluegelman, Andrew. ?A New World?, MacWorld. San Jose, Ca: MacWorld Publishing, February, 1984 (Premire Issue). Hall, Peter. Silicon Landscapes. Boston: Allen Irwin, 1985 Gulliver, David. Silicon Valey and Beyond. Berkeley, Ca: Berkeley Area Government Press, 1981. Hazewindus, Nico. The U.S. Microelectronics Industry. New York: Pergamon Press, 1988. Jacobs, Christopher W. ?The Altair 8800?, Popular Electronics. New York: Popular Electronics Publishing, January 1975. Malone, Michael S. The Big Scare: The U.S. Coputer Industry. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Co. , 1985. Osborne, Adam. Hypergrowth. Berkeley, Ca: Idthekkethan Publishing Company, 1984. Rogers, Everett M. Silicon Valey Fever. New York: Basic Books, Inc. Publishing, 1984. Rose, Frank. West of Eden. New York: Viking Publishing, 1989. Shallis, Michael. The Silicon Idol. New York: Shocken Books, 1984. Soma, John T. The History of the Computer. Toronto: Lexington Books, 1976. Zachary, William. ?The Future of Computing?, Byte. Boston: Byte Publishing, August 1994. Computers Essays